¥The global warming signal is
different from the interannual to decadal modes of variability
¥Large regional noise in short
instrumental data requires longer series to assess systematic trends in modes
¥Proxy records offer an extension to
the instrumental record, but significant challenges remain (proper patterns
used for training, quality of proxies)
¥We need to improve our dynamical
understanding of the primary modes of variability in order to make regional
climate change predictions