Wimage.info {fields} | R Documentation

## Finds key indices related to a 2-d multiresolution

### Description

Functions for finding the indices and other information for a 2-d basis in a multiresolution wavelet decomposition.

### Usage

    Wimage.info(m = 128, n = m, cut.min = 4)

    Wimage.i2s(ind, m, n, cut.min)

    Wimage.s2i(i, j, level, flavor, m, n, cut.min, mat = TRUE)

### Arguments

`m` | Nmber of rows of image (x)
`n` | number of columns of image (y)
`cut.min` | The minimum number of father basis functions along one axis.
`ind` | indices for the basis functions can either be a vector or 2 column matrix.
`i` | Vector of row locations for basis functions. Or a list with components i, j, level and flavor.
`j` | Vector of column locations for basis functions.
`level` | Resolution level of basis functions.
`flavor` | Type of basis function ( 0=S, 1=H, 2=V, 3=Di). See details below.
`mat` | If TRUE returned index will be a matrix where the basis functions are indexed by a row and column.

### Details

The wavelet coefficents are computed efficiently as a single large matrix/image but this format make it difficult to identify the indices ofspecific kinds of basis functions. The wavelet basis functions as found with a tensor product multiresolution. ( e.g. `Wtransform.image`) are orgainzied in levels of resolution and type. At the coarsest level of resolution are father wavelets (dentoed by S for "smooth") roughly centered on a rectanglar grid of locations (the size of the grid controlled by `cut.min`). At this resolution are three mother wavelets that capture horizontal (H), vertical (V) and diagonal( Di) structure at this scale. These basis functions are also centered on a lattice of grid locations. Subsequent levels only use the H,V, Di mother wavelet templates. For example given a 32X32 image with cut.min=4 There are three levels of resolution and 1024 basis functions total. The coarsest level is 16 S basis functions on a regular 4X4 grid, 16 H, 16 V and 16 Di basis function also on 4X4 grid. The next level has 64 H, V and Di basis functions on an 8X8 grid and the final level has 256 H, V and Di basis functions on a 16X16 grid, giving a grand total of 1024 basis functions.

Without some additional calculations it is possible to organize the results in different resolutions. This function provides the necessary indexing information to do this. See the function `plot.Wimag` as an exmaple of how this is used.

Indexing the image can happen in 3 ways. 1)as a structure where one specifies the location (i,j) , level, and flavor. 2) as the row and column indices of the image. 3) as a single index if the image is stacked as a long vector. The functions Wimage.s2i and Wimage.i2s convert indices between these forms.

### Value

Wimage.info returns a list where all indices pertain to a location or subsets of the mXn matrix of wavelet coefficients.

`m` | Number of rows in image
`n` | Number of columns of image
`cut.min` | cut.min
`S` | A vector with 4 elements. S[1],S[2] give the min/max row indices for the father wavelets and S[3],S[4] give the min/max column indices for the father wavelets.
`H` | A matrix where each row is a resolution level and cloumns give s ranges of row and column indices. e.g. H[k,1:4] gives the ranges for the rows and columns for the horizontal basis functions at level k.
`V` | A matrix in teh same format as H that gives subsets for the vertical basis functions.
`Di` | A matrix in the same format as H that gives subsets for the diagonal basis functions.
`L` | A column matrix where rows index resolutaion and column give the grid size for each level of resolution.
`Lmax` | Total number of resolution levels.
`offset.m` | A 3 column matrix that has the row offsets that indicate the begining of a block of coeffiecients. Rows are levels of resolution and columns are H,V,Di.
`offset.n` | A 3 column matrix that has the column offsets that indicate the begining of a block of coeffiecients. Rows are levels of resolution and columns are H,V,Di.

### Author(s)

Doug Nychka

### See Also

`plot.Wimage`, `Wtransform.image`

### Examples

    #Find a basis function.
    # For a basis on a 64X64 image with cut.min=8 find a
    # horizontal basis function at second level of resolution in the (4,4)
    # position. ( There are 16X16 horizontal basis functions at the 2 nd level
    #
    Wimage.s2i( i=3,j=2, level=2, flavor=1, m=64, n=64, cut.min=8)-> ind
    tmp<- matrix( 0, 64,64)
    tmp[ind] <- 1
    Wtransform.image( tmp, cut.min=8, inv=TRUE)-> look
    image.plot( look)

    # A check of Wimage.i2s
    Wimage.i2s( ind,m=64, n=64, cut.min=8)
    # should get i=3,j=2, level=2, flavor=1

    # complete check of functions
     Wimage.i2s( 1:512, cut.min=8, m=16, n=32)-> look
     Wimage.s2i( look, cut.min=8, m=16, n=32, mat=FALSE)-> look2
     sum( look2 - (1:512)) # sum should be zero

    # W transform of John Lennon image

         data(lennon)
         m<- nrow(lennon)
         n<- ncol(lennon)

    # add an grey strip down middle columns

         lennon[ , 128:132]<- 120

         look<- Wtransform.image( lennon, cut.min=8)

    # get info
         info<- Wimage.info( n, m, cut.min=8)

    # Zero out all V basis functions coefficients,

    tmp<- look

    Vind<- info$V
    for (lev in 1: info$Lmax){
    tmp[ Vind[lev,1]: Vind[lev,2], Vind[lev,3]: Vind[lev,4]]<- 0
    }

    look2<- Wtransform.image( tmp, cut.min=8, inv=TRUE)

    # take a look at vertically  filtered image
    set.panel( 2,1)
    par( pty="s")
    image( lennon, col=grey(seq(0,1,,256)))
    image( look2, col=grey(seq(0,1,,256)))

    # NOTE:
    # What is vertical and horizontal is confusing here
    # due to the convention of the R image plot of running rows
    # of the image as the X coordinate
    # The grey column in lennon image is plotted as
    # a horizontal line
    #

[Package fields version 5.02 Index]